Head lice facts

• Head lice are tiny, wingless insects that live and breed on the human scalp.
• Having head lice has nothing to do with lack of cleanliness – anyone can get lice.
• They are a nuisance, but they do not cause illness.
• They are not a public health problem because they do not transmit disease.

Looking for head lice

Note: Diagnosis of head lice requires the presence of a living louse. A head lice product should only be used if live lice are found in the hair (Canadian Paediatric Society, March 2022).

Reinfestation

Reinfestation is when head lice keep coming back. It involves finding new live lice in the hair. Reinfestation is usually due to head-to-head contact with an untreated person.

• Try to find out why reinfestation is occurring, as it will decrease the need to retreat with head lice products.
• When reinfestation occurs, have parents consult with their pharmacist or doctor for the best treatment approach.
• Never use head lice killing products on a daily basis.

Strategies for parents

• Check your child’s head once a week, especially around the ears and the neck area.
• When looking for head lice, use a fine-toothed comb.
• It might help to braid long hair or put it into a ponytail.
• Be especially watchful after group activities, such as sleepovers and camps, where head-to-head contact could have occurred.
• Discourage the sharing of hairbrushes, combs, hats, and hair accessories.

Where to get help

If you have concerns about head lice:

• Speak to a pharmacist or family doctor
  Note: Treatment products for head lice can be covered by OHIP+ (external link) for anyone age 24 years or younger who is NOT covered by a private plan. A doctor’s prescription is required and can be obtained by visiting a primary care provider or walk in clinic
• Visit Head Lice - Information for Parents - Halton Region
• Visit Head lice - Canadian Paediatric Society (external link)
• Visit Head lice - SickKids (external link)